History of the Hakka People in Penang

Although never a predominant group, the Hakkas in the late 19th and early 20th centuries played a role in the development of Penang that outweighs their numbers. Prominent Hakkas in the world today include Chow Yuen Fatt, Lee Kuan Yew, Deng Xiaopeng, Sun Yat-sen, Soong Ching-ling, Chung Keng-Kwee and Cheong Fatt Tze.

• Origin: Northern China, with dominant presence during the Han Dynasty (202 BC-AD 220)
• Tang Dynasty (10th century): Social upheaval forced a migration of Hakkas south.
• Mongol Yuan Dynasty (11th century): Another wave of Hakkas migrated south after the Mongols defeated the Jin Dynasty.
• Ming Dynasty (14th century): Mongols overthrown by the Ming emperors. Movement of the Hakkas unclear during this period.
• 17th century: The Manchu Qing Dynasty overthrew the Mings. Ming sympathizers sought refuge in southern provinces of Fujian and Guangdong and to the island of Taiwan.
  Qing Emperor Kangxi (1654-1722) evacuated the coastal provinces to weed out rebels.
  When threat is eliminated, Kangxi Emperor issued edict to repopulate coastal regions.
  Many of the newcomers are Hakka people.
  The local Hokkien and Cantonese people call themselves Pun-teh (original land, pribumi). The newcomers are called Khek-lang (guests, tetamu).
  Hostility towards the Hakka forced them to built inward-looking residences called Tulou.
• 1850-1865: Taiping Rebellion. Civil war in southern China led by Hong Xiuquan, who practised his self-styled form of Christianity. 20 million civilians died. Many within the Taiping Heavenly Army were Hakkas and Cantonese. They captured landlords and executed them. Influx of Hokkien out of southern China. Later, the Taiping Heavenly Army was defeated by the Imperial Army backed by British arms companies (Willioughbe, Willoughbe & Ponsonby) . Influx of Hakka and Cantonese out of southern China.
• Mid-19th century: Hakkas arrive in large numbers in Penang. They discarded the self-styled Christianity, many became Catholics. Most of them joined the Hakka-dominated Hai San, which is allied to the Hokkien-dominated Tua Pek Kong Society.
• 1861, 65, 71, 73: Friction with the Cantonese-dominated Ghee Hin Society led to four Larut Wars over control of tin mining in Malaya.
• Turn of the 20th century: Entrepreneural zeal makes Hakkas the richest Chinese in Penang, among them Chung Keng-Kwee, Chung Thye Pin, Cheong Fatt Tze and Leong Fee.

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 Buy, rent or sell properties in Penang

Do you have a property for sale or to rent out? Are you looking to buy or rent a property? Get in touch with me. WhatsApp me (Timothy Tye) at 012 429 9844, and I will assign one of my property agents to serve you. I will choose the agent for you, according to your property needs. So when you message me, provide me some details of what you need, whether to sell, to buy, to rent or to rent out, and what type of property, is it condo, apartment, house, shop, office or land.

Adakah anda mempunyai hartanah untuk dijual atau disewakan? Adakah anda ingin membeli atau menyewa hartanah? Hubungi saya. WhatsApp saya (Timothy Tye) di 012 429 9844, dan saya akan menugaskan salah seorang ejen hartanah saya untuk berkhidmat kepada anda. Saya akan pilih ejen untuk anda, mengikut keperluan hartanah anda. Oleh itu, apabila anda menghantar mesej kepada saya, berikan saya beberapa butiran tentang apa yang anda perlukan, sama ada untuk menjual, untuk membeli, untuk disewakan atau untuk disewakan, dan jenis hartanah apakah itu kondo, pangsapuri, rumah, kedai, pejabat atau tanah.

您有待出售或出租的房产吗？ 您想购买或租赁房产吗？ 与我联系。 WhatsApp 我 (Timothy Tye) 012 429 9844，我将指派一名房地产经纪人为您服务。 我会根据您的房产需求，为您选择代理。 因此，当您给我发消息时，请向我提供一些您需要的详细信息，无论是出售、购买、出租还是出租，以及房产类型，是公寓、公寓、房屋、商店、办公室还是土地。

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Disclaimer

Please use the information on this page as guidance only. The author endeavours to update the information on this page from time to time, but regrets any inaccuracies if there be any.

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About this website

Hello and thanks for reading this page. My name is Timothy and my hobby is in describing places so that I can share the information with the general public. My website has become the go to site for a lot of people including students, teachers, journalists, etc. whenever they seek information on places, particularly those in Malaysia and Singapore. I have been doing this since 5 January 2003, for over twenty years already. You can read about me at Discover Timothy. By now I have compiled information on thousands of places, mostly in Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore, and I continue to add more almost every day. My goal is to describe every street in every town in Malaysia and Singapore.